| ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷ 16 | ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠮᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ᠂ ᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠣᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠥᠭᠡ᠃ | 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠯᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠣᠮᠪᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠣᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠩ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠩᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1633 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 1634 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠯᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠲᠦ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠥᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃ 1634 — 1648 ᠣᠨ | ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠣᠯᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ᠂ | ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1648 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠥᠩ᠂ | ᠲᠣᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠥᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠥᠩ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ1649 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ᠂ | 1650 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠣᠨ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠭᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠤᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1753 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ | ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠳ᠂ ᠮᠣᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ | ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ | |